🏥 NCLEX Mastery: IV Fluids & Complications Explained

Intravenous (IV) therapy is one of the most high-yield clinical concepts tested on the NCLEX. It shows up in questions about fluid balance, medication administration, and emergency response. Mastering IV fluids, their types, and common complications can give you a huge edge.

Today’s visual breakdown will help you quickly memorize isotonic vs. hypotonic vs. hypertonic fluids, understand complication symptoms, and review the must-know actions every nurse should take.

💧 Types of IV Fluids

There are three major categories of IV fluids every NCLEX test-taker must know:

Type	Examples	Uses
Isotonic	0.9% NS, LR, D5W (initial)	Volume expansion, dehydration, shock
Hypotonic	0.45% NS, 0.33% NS	Cellular dehydration, DKA, hypernatremia
Hypertonic	D10W, 3% NS, D5NS	Hyponatremia, cerebral edema

💡 NCLEX Tip: Isotonic fluids are typically used in emergency resuscitation.

⚠️ Common IV Complications (And What To Do)

Recognizing complications quickly and responding appropriately can save lives—and earn you points on the NCLEX!

Complication	Signs/Symptoms	Nursing Action
Infiltration	Cool skin, swelling, pale	Stop IV, elevate limb, warm compress
Phlebitis	Red streak, warmth, pain	Stop IV, apply warm compress, document
Air Embolism	Chest pain, dyspnea, cyanosis	Place in left Trendelenburg, call provider

📝 Quick NCLEX Practice Qs

1. Which fluid is appropriate for a patient with hypernatremia?
   ➤ Answer: Hypotonic solution (e.g., 0.45% NS)

2. What is the priority nursing action when a client has a swollen IV site that is cool to the touch?
   ➤ Answer: Stop the infusion and elevate the arm.

🧪 Why This Matters for NCLEX

IV fluid questions often appear in delegation, emergency care, or med admin categories. That means you can’t afford to miss them. Know:

• The fluid types and their tonicity

• The right fluid for the right condition

• What to do when things go wrong

📲 Master This and More with KOTC

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✅ Conclusion

When it comes to fluid types and IV safety, there’s no room for guessing. Use this guide to:

• Recognize the fluid types quickly

• Respond to IV complications confidently

• Build your NCLEX edge with trusted KOTC visuals

📘 Stay consistent. Stay prepared. Stay King of the Curve.

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

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